Contractor licensing
Contractor Licensing Requirements by State, City and Trade
This is a free reference for how to get licensed in ten construction trades, in 29 states and 37 Texas cities and counties. Each page lists the license or registration, the fee, the exam, insurance and bond rules, the experience required, the steps and the official links, with the date we checked them. We are a San Antonio foundation repair company, and we built it because the rules for our own trade change at every city line. Texas has no state license for foundation repair, for example, but San Antonio requires an ICC certification or another credential its building official approves, and Round Rock requires none.
Only facts from government offices and official exam providers are used, such as city and county sites, state licensing boards, ICC, Pearson VUE, PSI and Prometric. When an office does not publish a fact, the page says so and names who to call instead of guessing.
Find your state, city or trade
Texas
- Texas overview · state boards and city rules
- Easiest and hardest Texas cities · the ranking
- Texas foundation repair · compared by city
- Texas general contracting · compared by city
- Texas roofing · compared by city
- Texas plumbing · compared by city
- Texas electrical work · compared by city
- Texas HVAC work · compared by city
- Texas landscape irrigation · compared by city
- Texas concrete flatwork · compared by city
- Texas drainage and detention work · compared by city
- Texas demolition · compared by city
Texas cities and counties
- Abilene · Taylor County
- Amarillo · Potter County
- Austin · Travis County
- Brownsville · Cameron County
- Cedar Park · Williamson County
- College Station · Brazos County
- Converse · Bexar County
- Corpus Christi · Nueces County
- Dallas · Dallas County
- Denton · Denton County
- El Paso · El Paso County
- Fort Worth · Tarrant County
- Garland · Dallas County
- Georgetown · Williamson County
- Grand Prairie · Dallas County
- Houston · Harris County
- Killeen · Bell County
- Kyle · Hays County
- Laredo · Webb County
- Leander · Williamson County
- Leon Valley · Bexar County
- Lockhart · Caldwell County
- Lubbock · Lubbock County
- McKinney · Collin County
- New Braunfels · Comal County
- Odessa · Ector County
- Pflugerville · Travis County
- Plano · Collin County
- Round Rock · Williamson County
- San Antonio · Bexar County
- San Marcos · Hays County
- Schertz · Guadalupe County
- Seguin · Guadalupe County
- Unincorporated Bexar County
- Unincorporated Comal County
- Universal City · Bexar County
- Waco · McLennan County
States
- Alabama · 9 of 10 trades need a state license
- Alaska · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Arizona · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Arkansas · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- California · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Connecticut · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Louisiana · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Maryland · 9 of 10 trades need a state license
- Massachusetts · 7 of 10 trades need a state license
- Michigan · 9 of 10 trades need a state license
- Minnesota · 7 of 10 trades need a state license
- Montana · 8 of 10 trades need a state license
- Nevada · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- New Jersey · 9 of 10 trades need a state license
- New Mexico · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- North Carolina · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- North Dakota · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Ohio · 3 of 10 trades need a state license
- Oklahoma · 4 of 10 trades need a state license
- Oregon · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Pennsylvania · 5 of 10 trades need a state license
- Rhode Island · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- South Carolina · 9 of 10 trades need a state license
- Tennessee · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Utah · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Vermont · 8 of 10 trades need a state license
- Virginia · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
- Washington · 10 of 10 trades need a state license
How the difficulty score works
Each trade in each place gets a score from 0 to 100 when its rules are published. The points come only from published requirements and add up like this.
| Each required licensing exam, state or local | 15 points, up to 30 |
|---|---|
| A separate business and law exam | 5 points |
| Experience required (hours count at 2,000 a year) | 5 points a year, up to 25 |
| First-year license, registration and exam fees | 1 point per $50, up to 15 |
| A bond | 4 points, or 8 if the bond is $10,000 or more |
| Minimum liability insurance | 5 points |
| Background check or fingerprints | 4 points |
| Continuing education to renew | 4 points |
| Published processing time | 2 points for two weeks or more, 4 for 30 days or more |
Under 25 is Easy, 25 to 49 is Moderate, 50 to 74 is Hard and 75 or more is Very hard. In a Texas city the score adds the state license to the city's own rule, because a contractor needs both. On a state page it covers the state license only.
Missing data never counts as easy. A trade whose rules are not published gets no score and says why. A partly published trade, including one whose fee is not published, keeps its score only when it already rates Moderate or harder, and shows a plus sign, because the missing facts could only add points.
States that license foundation repair
A state license or registration can apply to foundation repair in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, often only above a job-size threshold, so check each state page. Everywhere else the rule, if there is one, comes from the city or county.
We have not published pages for Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, Puerto Rico, South Dakota, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming yet, because the official sources we could reach did not give enough verified facts for a useful page.
Exam guide
These are the licensing exams the pages above name, with the fee, the book rule, the number of questions, the time allowed and the passing score from each provider's own bulletin, linked from the exam name. The retake rules are on each linked page. Open book means you bring the approved references into the exam room, and those references are listed on each page.
| Texas Master Electrician (NEC Knowledge and Calculations portions) | Texas electrical work | PSI, for TDLR | $78 for both portions | Open book | 75 (NEC Knowledge, 5 unscored) and 33 (Calculations, 3 unscored) | 150 minutes and 170 minutes | 70% on each portion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas ACR Contractor, Environmental Air Class A | Texas HVAC work | PSI, for TDLR | $74 | Open book | 120 scored, plus 5 unscored | 230 minutes, plus 10 for unscored items | 70% |
| Texas ACR Contractor, Environmental Air Class B | Texas HVAC work | PSI, for TDLR | $60 | Open book | 100 scored, plus 5 unscored | 170 minutes, plus 10 for unscored items | 70% |
| Texas ACR Contractor, Commercial Refrigeration Class A | Texas HVAC work | PSI, for TDLR | $74 | Open book | 120 scored, plus 5 unscored | 230 minutes, plus 10 for unscored items | 70% |
| Texas ACR Contractor, Commercial Refrigeration Class B | Texas HVAC work | PSI, for TDLR | $60 | Open book | 100 scored, plus 5 unscored | 170 minutes, plus 10 for unscored items | 70% |
| Texas Master Plumber (written) | Texas plumbing | Pearson VUE, for TSBPE | $128.50 to Pearson VUE, plus a $25 TSBPE processing fee | Closed book | 308 | 360 minutes, plus a 30 minute break | 70% |
| TCEQ Landscape Irrigator | Texas landscape irrigation | TCEQ-approved computer-based testing centers | $111 TCEQ application fee, plus the testing center's own fee (set by each center) | Closed book | 6 hours | 70% on each section | |
| ICC Residential Building Contractor (C) | Texas foundation repair | International Code Council, tested through Pearson VUE | $120 (Pearson VUE) | Open book | 80 | 4 hours | 70% |
| ICC National Standard Residential Building Contractor (C) | Texas foundation repair | International Code Council, tested through Pearson VUE | $120 (Pearson VUE) | Open book | 80 | 4 hours | 70% |
| ICC National Standard General Building Contractor (A) | Texas foundation repair | International Code Council, tested through Pearson VUE | $120 (Pearson VUE) | Open book | 90 | 4 hours | 70% |
| ICC Residential Building Inspector | Texas foundation repair | International Code Council, PRONTO in person or online | $320 (PRONTO) | Open book | 60 | 2 hours | Scaled score of 75 |
| ICC Residential Plans Examiner | Texas foundation repair | International Code Council, PRONTO in person or online | $320 (PRONTO) | Open book | 60 | 2 hours | Scaled score of 75 |
| ICC Residential Mechanical, Electrical or Plumbing Inspector | Texas foundation repair | International Code Council, PRONTO in person or online | $320 each (PRONTO) | Open book | 60 each | 2 hours each | Scaled score of 75 |
| CSLB Law and Business | California | PSI, for CSLB | $51.43 to PSI | Closed book | 3.5 hours | ||
| CSLB trade exam for the classification | California | PSI, for CSLB | $51.43 to PSI | 3.5 hours | |||
| AZ ROC Statutes and Rules Exam (SRE) | Arizona | AZ ROC online course (purchased online) | $61 | ||||
| AZ ROC trade exam for the classification | Arizona | PSI, for AZ ROC | $66 for one exam, $116 for two | ||||
| Alaska Residential Contractor Endorsement | Alaska | PSI, for the Division of Corporations, Business and Professional Licensing | $150 | Open book | 100 | 240 minutes | 70% |
| Alaska Electrical Administrator (Unlimited Commercial Wiring shown) | Alaska | PSI, for the Division of Corporations, Business and Professional Licensing | $150 per exam | Open book | 100 (Unlimited Commercial Wiring) | 240 minutes (Unlimited Commercial Wiring) | 70% |
| Alaska Mechanical Administrator, plumbing categories | Alaska | PSI, for the Division of Corporations, Business and Professional Licensing | $150 per exam | Open book for Residential Plumbing and Hydronic Heating (listed references allowed) | 100 | 240 minutes | 70% |
| Alaska Mechanical Administrator, HVAC categories | Alaska | PSI, for the Division of Corporations, Business and Professional Licensing | $150 per exam | 65 (Residential HVAC) or 100 (Unlimited HVAC and Sheet Metal; Heating, Cooling and Process Piping) | 120 minutes (Residential HVAC) or 240 minutes | 70% | |
| Alabama Home Builders Business and Law | Alabama | Prov, for the Home Builders Licensing Board | $130 for both HBLB exams on the same day, or $80 each on separate days | Open book | 40 | 2 hours | 70% |
| Alabama Home Builder skill exam | Alabama | Prov, for the Home Builders Licensing Board | $130 for both HBLB exams on the same day, or $80 each on separate days | Open book | 80 | 4 hours | 66% |
| Alabama Master Plumber | Alabama | Prov, for the Plumbers and Gas Fitters Examining Board | $160 to the Board | Open book | 100 | 4 hours 10 minutes | 70% |
| Alabama Plumbers and Gas Fitters Business Law | Alabama | Prov, for the Plumbers and Gas Fitters Examining Board | $100 to the Board | Open book | 40 | 2 hours | 70% |
| Connecticut E-1 Unlimited Electrical Contractor | Connecticut | PSI, for the Department of Consumer Protection | $59 per portion (trade, and business and law) | Open book | 100 | 4 hours | 70% |
| Connecticut P-1 Unlimited Plumbing Contractor | Connecticut | PSI, for the Department of Consumer Protection | $59 per portion (trade, and business and law) | Open book | 80 | 3 hours | 70% |
| Connecticut S-1 Unlimited Heating, Piping and Cooling Contractor (D-1 is 70 questions in 3 hours) | Connecticut | PSI, for the Department of Consumer Protection | $59 per portion (trade, and business and law) | Open book | 80 | 3 hours | 70% |
| Connecticut J-3 Limited Lawn Sprinkler Contractor | Connecticut | PSI, for the Department of Consumer Protection | $59 per portion (trade, and business and law) | Open book | 50 | 2 hours | 70% |
| Louisiana Business and Law | Louisiana | LSLBC Contractor Licensing Portal (online) | 50 | About 30 to 45 minutes | 70 | ||
| Louisiana Residential Construction | Louisiana | PSI, for the LSLBC | $140 | Open book | 180 minutes | ||
| Louisiana Residential Roofing | Louisiana | PSI, for the LSLBC | $125 | Open book | 120 minutes | ||
| Maryland Home Improvement Contractor | Maryland | PSI, for the Maryland Home Improvement Commission | $63 | Open book | 55 | 150 minutes | 39 correct (70%) |
| Massachusetts Construction Supervisor License (10th edition code) | Massachusetts | PSI, for the Board of Building Regulations and Standards | $75 (unrestricted or restricted), $65 (specialty such as roof covering) | Open book | 75 unrestricted, 60 restricted (one and two family), 35 roof covering | 240 minutes (unrestricted and restricted), 120 minutes (roof covering) | 70% |
| Massachusetts Master Electrician | Massachusetts | PSI, for the Board of State Examiners of Electricians | $135 ($80 Part 1, $55 Part 2 Business and Law) | 90 (Part 1) and 50 (Part 2) | 240 minutes and 120 minutes | 70% on each part | |
| Michigan mechanical contractor classification exams | Michigan | PSI, for LARA Bureau of Construction Codes | $100 for HVAC Equipment (includes ductwork and gas piping); $50 for most other classifications | 180 minutes for HVAC Equipment; 60 minutes for most other classifications | |||
| Minnesota Residential Building Contractor, Remodeler or Roofer exam | Minnesota | Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry | Reference materials (current statutes and codes) are provided at the exam | 110 | 5.5 hours | 70% | |
| North Carolina electrical contractor (Limited, Intermediate, Unlimited) | North Carolina | PSI, for the NC State Board of Examiners of Electrical Contractors | Paid to the Board with the exam application; no fee to PSI | Open book | 100 | 6 hours | |
| NC Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Board business and law | North Carolina | NC State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Contractors | $100 per exam | ||||
| NC plumbing technical exam | North Carolina | NC State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Contractors | $100 per exam | ||||
| NC Heating Group 3 technical exam | North Carolina | NC State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Contractors | $100 per exam | ||||
| NC Irrigation Contractor | North Carolina | NC Irrigation Contractors' Licensing Board | $340 first exam, plus a $100 application fee and a one-time $100 study guide fee | ||||
| New Jersey Electrical Contractor | New Jersey | PSI, for the Board of Examiners of Electrical Contractors | $84 trade, $47 business and law, $49 alarm systems | Open book | 100 (trade), 50 (business and law), 50 (alarm systems) | 260 minutes, 130 minutes and 165 minutes | 70% on each |
| New Jersey Master HVACR Contractor | New Jersey | PSI, for the State Board of Examiners of Master HVACR Contractors | $84 trade, $47 business and law | Open book | 50 (trade) and 50 (business and law) | 130 minutes each | 70% on each |
| New Mexico Business and Law | New Mexico | PSI, for the Construction Industries Division | $68.88 | Open book | 50 | 130 minutes | 75% (38 points) |
| New Mexico trade exam (GB-2 Residential Building shown) | New Mexico | PSI, for the Construction Industries Division | $134.53 (GB-2) | Open book | 80 (GB-2) | 225 minutes (GB-2) | 75% (60 points) |
| Nevada Construction Management Survey (business and law) | Nevada | PSI, for the Nevada State Contractors Board | $140 with the trade exam | Open book | 60 scored | 120 minutes | 45 correct (75%) |
| Nevada trade exam (B-2 Residential and Small Commercial shown) | Nevada | PSI, for the Nevada State Contractors Board | $140 with the management survey | Open book | 80 (B-2) | 3 hours (B-2) | 56 correct (70%) |
| Oklahoma Unlimited Electrical Contractor | Oklahoma | PSI, for the Construction Industries Board | $92 per exam portion | Open book | 100 scored (business and law portion: 50) | 240 minutes (business and law: 120) | 70% |
| Oklahoma Plumbing | Oklahoma | PSI, for the Construction Industries Board | $92 per exam portion | ||||
| Plumbing Business and Law | Oklahoma | PSI, for the Construction Industries Board | $92 per exam portion | ||||
| Mechanical trade | Oklahoma | PSI, for the Construction Industries Board | $92 per exam portion | ||||
| Business and law | Oklahoma | PSI, for the Construction Industries Board | $92 per exam portion | ||||
| Oregon Construction Contractor (CCB) | Oregon | PSI, for the Construction Contractors Board | $60 | Open book | 80 scored, plus 5 to 8 unscored | 180 minutes, plus 20 for unscored items | 70% |
| Oregon Landscape Construction Professional, Laws, Rules and Business Practices section | Oregon | PSI, for the Landscape Contractors Board | $125 for the exam at PSI registration | 100 minutes | |||
| Oregon Landscape Construction Professional, Irrigation section | Oregon | PSI, for the Landscape Contractors Board | $125 for the exam at PSI registration | 200 minutes | |||
| Oregon Landscape Construction Professional, Backflow section | Oregon | PSI, for the Landscape Contractors Board | $125 for the exam at PSI registration | 100 minutes | |||
| Virginia Contractor Class A or B (designated employee) | Virginia | PSI, for the Board for Contractors | $85 for all three portions | Open book | Virginia 24, General 50, Advanced 24 (Class A) | 48, 100 and 60 minutes | 18, 35 and 17 correct |
| Virginia specialty exams (HIC and RBC shown) | Virginia | PSI, for the Board for Contractors | $85 | 120 minutes (HIC), 160 minutes (RBC) | |||
| Vermont Master Plumber | Vermont | Prov, for the Division of Fire Safety | $80 | 70% | |||
| Vermont Master Electrician | Vermont | Prov, for the Division of Fire Safety | $80 | 70% | |||
| Utah Business and Law | Utah | ProV, for DOPL (test center or online) | |||||
| Ohio OCILB Electrical Contractor (trade and business and law) | Ohio | PSI, for the Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board | $138 for both sections ($69 each) | Open book | 100 (trade) and 50 (business and law), plus unscored pretest items | 240 minutes and 120 minutes | 70% on each section |
| Ohio OCILB HVAC Contractor (trade and business and law) | Ohio | PSI, for the Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board | $138 for both sections ($69 each) | Open book | 100 (trade) and 50 (business and law), plus unscored pretest items | 240 minutes and 120 minutes | 70% on each section |
| Ohio OCILB Plumbing Contractor (trade and business and law) | Ohio | PSI, for the Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board | $138 for both sections ($69 each) | Open book | 100 (trade) and 50 (business and law), plus unscored pretest items | 240 minutes and 120 minutes | 70% on each section |
| Arkansas Contractor Business and Law | Arkansas | PSI, for the Arkansas Contractors Licensing Board | $84 | Open book | 50 | 120 minutes | 35 correct |
| Tennessee Contractor Business and Law | Tennessee | Prov, for the Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors | $53 | Open book | 50 | 2.5 hours | 73% |
| Tennessee CE Electrical Contractor | Tennessee | Prov, for the Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors | $53 | Open book | 100 | 5 hours | 73% |
| Tennessee CMC-A Plumbing Contractor | Tennessee | Prov, for the Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors | $53 | Open book | 100 | 5 hours | 73% |
| Tennessee CMC-C HVAC/Refrigeration Contractor | Tennessee | Prov, for the Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors | $53 | Open book | 100 | 5 hours | 73% |
| Tennessee trade exams (CE, CMC-A and CMC-C shown) | Tennessee | Prov, for the Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors | $53 | Open book | 100 (CE, CMC-A, CMC-C) | 5 hours (CE, CMC-A, CMC-C) | 73% |
Tap a column to sort. Each exam name opens the provider's bulletin or exam page, and each place opens its licensing page. A blank cell is a fact not confirmed from the provider, and the linked bulletin has the full rules.
Checked October 18, 2026 against PSI TDLR Electrician Candidate Information Bulletin, updated September 15, 2026; PSI TDLR Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractors Candidate Information Bulletin, updated July 9, 2026; TSBPE Candidate Handbook (Pearson VUE), August 2025; TSBPE Master Plumber license page; TCEQ Landscape Irrigator license page; TCEQ occupational licensing exams; TCEQ computer-based testing; ICC exam catalog, G13-N; ICC National Contractor/Trades Examination Information Bulletin, June 30, 2026; ICC support, how often can I test; ICC support, passing scores; PSI CSLB Law and Business examination guide; CSLB examination FAQ; CSLB Law and Business study guide; PSI CSLB General Building (B) examination guide; CSLB examination study guides; PSI Arizona Registrar of Contractors Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Alaska Residential Contractor Endorsement Candidate Information Bulletin, updated October 15, 2026; Alaska construction contractor statutes and regulations (12 AAC 21); PSI Alaska Electrical Administrators Candidate Information Bulletin, updated October 15, 2026; PSI Alaska Mechanical Administrators Candidate Information Bulletin, updated October 15, 2026; Alabama Home Builders Licensing Board Candidate Information Bulletin (Prov), September 11, 2025; Alabama Plumbers and Gas Fitters Examining Board master exam application and Prov bulletin; PSI Connecticut occupational licensing Candidate Information Bulletin, updated February 4, 2026; PSI Connecticut occupational licensing Candidate Information Bulletin, updated February 4, 2026; PSI Connecticut occupational licensing Candidate Information Bulletin, updated February 4, 2026; PSI Connecticut occupational licensing Candidate Information Bulletin, updated February 4, 2026; LSLBC, what happens after I apply; PSI Louisiana State Licensing Board for Contractors Candidate Information Bulletin; LSLBC exams and classifications; PSI Louisiana contractor exam registration (fee, retake fee and time); PSI Louisiana State Licensing Board for Contractors Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Maryland Home Improvement Commission Candidate Information Bulletin, updated October 10, 2025; MHIC examination page; PSI Massachusetts Construction Supervisor Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Massachusetts electrician Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Michigan mechanical HVAC Equipment Candidate Information Bulletin; Minnesota DLI License Examination Guide; Minnesota DLI contractor, roofer and remodeler exams; PSI NC electrical contractor examination bulletin; NC PHFP Board exam application, 2026; NCICLB licensing; PSI New Jersey Electrical Contractor Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI New Jersey HVACR Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI New Mexico Construction Industries Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI New Mexico GB-2 and GB-98 Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Nevada State Contractors Board Candidate Information Bulletin; NSCB license examinations; PSI Oklahoma Construction Industries Board Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Oregon Construction Contractors Board Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Oregon Landscape Contractors Board Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Oregon landscape exam registration (fee and times); PSI Virginia Board for Contractors Class A and B Candidate Information Bulletin; PSI Virginia Home Improvement Contracting bulletin; PSI Virginia Residential Building Contracting bulletin; Vermont Division of Fire Safety Prov Candidate Information Bulletin, 2026; Utah DOPL contracting exam information; PSI Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board Candidate Information Bulletin, updated February 7, 2024; OCILB examination application; PSI Arkansas Contractors Licensing Board Candidate Information Bulletin; Prov Tennessee Contractor Candidate Information Bulletin, August 18, 2026; Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors exam information.
Where the facts come from
The pages draw on 695 official web pages and documents, from city fee schedules and information bulletins to state board rules and exam bulletins. Each fact on a page links to its source, and each trade lists the date its sources were checked. Each page shows the date its facts were last checked at the top.
Rules and fees change, and this is not legal advice. Confirm with the licensing board or city office before you apply or bid.
